Sunday, August 19, 2007

bonding in orthodontics

The introduction of bonding to orthodontics added a new dimension to fixed appliance therapy. With a considerable reduction in the need for banding teeth, there was an improvement in patient comfort, esthetics and oral hygiene maintenance. The incidence of caries was reduced as was chair side time and there were no interproximal spaces left after finishing the treatment.

Buonocore in 1955, was the first to demonstrate that bonding of acrylic restorative material was substantially increased by conditioning the enamel surface with 85% H3PO4 for 30 seconds.

Newman in 1965 was the first to apply these findings and bonded plastic brackets with an epoxy resin after etching with 40% H3PO4 for 60 seconds.

Mitchell in 1967 described a successful, although limited clinical trial using black copper cement and gold direct attachment.

Smith in 1986 introduced zinc polycarboxylate cement and bracket bonding with this cement was reported.